Methods and arrangements for signaling control information in a communication system

ABSTRACT

The invention relates to devices and methods for signalling control information associated with transmission of data over a wireless channel. A second communication device receives (S 2 ) data from a first communication device, wherein the data comprises an indication of recommended precoders and a recommendation of a first transmission rank to possibly use during transmission. The second communication device determines (S 4 ) a second transmission rank to use for transmitting data, and transmits (S 6 ) a confirmation message to the first communication device. The confirmation message comprises a confirmation that transmission of data from the second communication device is using at least parts of each recommended precoder associated with a frequency resource that falls within the transmission of data and an indicator of the second transmission rank to use.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No.14/108,823, filed on Dec. 17, 2013, pending, which is a continuation ofU.S. application Ser. No. 12/682,161, filed Aug. 16, 2010, granted,which was the national stage of international application no.PCT/SE08/51138, filed Oct. 7, 2008, which claims the benefit of U.S.provisional application No. 60/978,226, filed Oct. 8, 2007, thedisclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to methods and communication devices in acommunication system, in particular, to methods and communicationdevices for signaling control information in a communication system.

BACKGROUND

Multi-antenna techniques may significantly increase the data rates andreliability of a wireless communication system. Performance of thesystem is in particular improved if both the transmitter and thereceiver are equipped with multiple antennas. This use of multipleantennas results in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO)communication channel and such systems and/or related techniques arecommonly referred to as MIMO.

Evolved UTRAN (E-UTRAN), also called for LTE, is a standard that iscurrently under development. A core component in LTE is the support ofMIMO antenna deployments and MIMO related techniques. In particular, forthe downlink a spatial multiplexing mode with channel dependentprecoding is supported. The spatial multiplexing mode is aimed for highdata rates in favorable channel conditions. In this mode, an informationcarrying symbol vector s_(k) is on the base station (eNodeB in LTE) sidemultiplied by an N_(T)×r precoder matrix denoted as

W_(N) _(T) _(×r.)

The matrix is often chosen to match the characteristics of theN_(R)×N_(T) MIMO channel, where N_(R) and N_(T) represents the number ofreceive and transmit antennas, respectively. The r symbols in s_(k) eachcorrespond to a layer and r is referred to as the transmission rank. LTEuses OFDM and hence the N_(R)×1 vector received by the user equipment(UE) for a certain resource element on subcarrier k (or alternativelydata resource element number k), assuming no inter-cell interference, isthus modeled by

y _(k) =HW _(N) _(T) _(×r) S _(k) e _(k)

where e_(k) is a noise vector obtained as realizations of a randomprocess.

The UE may, based on channel measurements in the forward link, transmitrecommendations to the base station of a suitable precoder to use. Asingle precoder that is supposed to cover a large bandwidth (widebandprecoding) may be fed back. It may also be beneficial to match thefrequency variations of the channel and instead feed back afrequency-selective precoding report, e.g. several precoders, one persubband.

In the field of high rate multi-antenna transmission, one of the mostimportant characteristics of the channel conditions is the so-calledchannel rank. Roughly speaking, the channel rank may vary from one up tothe minimum number of transmit and receive antennas and characterizeshow many layers the channel can support for a transmission. Inconjunction with precoding, adapting the transmission to the channelrank involves using as many layers as the channel rank. This isfacilitated by feedback information from the receiver to thetransmitter, Such feedback information may comprise not only whichprecoder or precoders to use but also a recommendation of thetransmission rank (possibly implicitly as part of the precoderinformation) and quality assessments of the layers/codewords. The latteris often referred to as CQI, Channel Quality Indication while thefeedback information related to transmission rank may be referred to asrank indication (RI) which may be used in conjunction with precodermatrix indicator(s) (PMIs) to unambiguously point out one or moreprecoder matrices.

The payload size of the feedback information may be particularly largeif frequency-selective precoding is used. Several precoders/PMIs maythen need to be signaled and this may lead to a large signalingoverhead. In order to avoid such a large signaling overhead also for theforward link signaling (e.g. in the downlink from eNodeB to UE), it ispossible for the transmitter to exploit the fact that the receiver knowswhat it recommended and hence, instead of explicitly signaling one ormore of the recommended precoders, confirm to the receiver that the datatransmission is using the same precoders and transmission rank as thereceiver recommended. This is often referred to as precoderconfirmation/verification and is part of the control informationassociated with a data transmission in the forward link.

In practice, the feed back reports are far from ideal due totime-variations of the channel and feedback delay, bit errors in thefeedback link and mismatch between the assumptions on certain parametersthe receiver use for computing/selecting feedback information and whatthe actual parameter values at the transmitter are. The schedulingbandwidth is one important example of such a parameter.

In LTE, the User Equipment, UE, reports a single recommended rank to thebase station (eNodeB in LTE) obtained by inspecting the channel qualityas seen over the maximum possible scheduling bandwidth (which may havebeen semi-statically configured to be smaller than the systembandwidth). The actual bandwidth used when the UE is scheduled mighthowever be considerably smaller. In scenarios with a frequency-selectivechannel, this means that there is a great risk that the effective rankon the scheduled bandwidth might be entirely different from the“average” transmission rank recommended by the UE.

Documents LG Electronics 3GPP Draft; R1-074194 Downlink ControlSignaling for SU-MIMO_LGE, 20071003 3rd Generation Partnership Project(3GPP), Mobile Competence Centre; 650, route des Lucioles; F-06921Sophia-Antipolis Cedex; France RAN WG1, Shanghai, China; 20071003R1-074194 “Downlink Control Signaling for SU-MIMO_LGE” XP050107723 andLG electronics 3GPP Draft; R1-074200, 20071002 3rd GenerationPartnership Project (3GPP), Mobile Competence Centre; 650, route desLucioles; F-06921 Sophia-Antipolis Cedex; France, RAN WG1, Shanghai,China; 20071002 R1-074200 “On the implementation of rank override usingcodeword DTX” XP050107729 disclose rank override.

SUMMARY

It is an object of embodiments to efficiently improve the signalingbetween a user equipment and a base station.

Embodiments disclose a method in a second communication device forsignalling control information associated with transmission of data overa wireless channel. The second communication device receives feedbackdata from a first communication device, wherein the feedback datacomprises an indication of recommended precoders and a recommendation ofa first transmission rank to possibly use during transmission of data.The second communication device further determines a second transmissionrank to use for transmitting data, and transmits a confirmation messageto the first communication device The confirmation message comprises aconfirmation that the transmission of data from the second communicationdevice is using at least parts of each recommended precoder associatedwith a frequency resource that falls within the transmission of data andcomprising an indicator of the second transmission rank to use.

It is a basic concept of embodiments to mitigate the problems describedabove by adding efficient support in the forward link signaling for rankoverride when precoder report verification is used and in particular inconjunction with frequency-selective precoding. Such rank overridesupport may e.g. include selecting which columns of the recommendedprecoder matrices to use and also the possibility to signal whichlayer(s)/codeword(s) should be used and additional or modified codewordto layer mappings.

In addition, a second communication device is disclosed comprising areceiving arrangement adapted to receive feedback data from a firstcommunication device. The feedback data comprises an indication ofrecommended precoders and a recommendation of a first transmission rankto possibly use during transmission of data. The second communicationdevice further comprises a control unit arranged to determine a secondtransmission rank to use for transmitting the data, and a transmittingarrangement adapted to transmit a confirmation message to the firstcommunication device. The confirmation message comprises a confirmationthat the transmission of data is using at least parts of eachrecommended precoder associated with a frequency resource that fallswithin the transmission of data and an indicator of the secondtransmission rank to use.

Furthermore, embodiments disclose a method in a first communicationdevice for setting the first communication device to an operational modeaccording to signaled control information associated with transmissionof data over a wireless channel.

The first communication device determines recommended precoders and afirst transmission rank to possibly use when transmitting data from asecond communication device. Feedback data comprising an indication ofrecommended precoders and the first transmission rank to use duringtransmission of data is transmitted from the first communication deviceto the second communication device. The first communication device thenreceives, from the second communication device, a confirmation messagecomprising a confirmation that transmission of data from the secondcommunication device is using at least parts of each recommendedprecoder associated with a frequency resource that falls within thetransmission of data and an indicator of the second transmission rank touse. The first communication device then sets itself up in theoperational mode to use the at least parts of the confirmed precoder andthe second transmission rank to receive and decode transmission of datafrom the second communication device.

For example, the confirmation message may comprise an indicator of aconfirmation of precoders/precoder matrix indicators (PMI) and atransmission rank indicator (TRI) indicating a second transmission to beused for the associated data transmission from the second to the firstdevice.

Some embodiments disclose a first communication device comprising acontrol unit arranged to determine recommended precoders and a firsttransmission rank to possibly use when transmitting data from a secondcommunication device. The first communication device further comprises atransmitting arrangement adapted to transmit feedback data to the secondcommunication device. The feedback data comprises an indication of therecommended precoders and the first transmission rank to possibly useduring transmission. The first communication device further comprises areceiving arrangement arranged to receive, from the second communicationdevice, a confirmation message. The confirmation message comprises aconfirmation that transmission of data from the second communicationdevice is using at least parts of each recommended precoder associatedwith a frequency resource that falls within the transmission of data andan indicator of the second transmission rank that is used. The controlunit is further arranged to setup the first communication device in anoperational mode to use the at least parts of each confirmed precoderand the second transmission rank during transmission to receive datatransmission from the second communication device.

Embodiments disclosed herein propose an efficient way to introducesupport for rank override when precoder reporting verification is used.The need of rank override is believed to be common in practice so it isimportant that efficient support exists to keep the performance of thesystem high.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Embodiments will now be described in more detail in relation to theenclosed drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 shows a schematic overview of a first communication device 10communicating with a second communication,

FIG. 2 shows a schematic overview of codeword to layer mapping,

FIG. 3 shows a schematic overview of codeword to layer mapping,

FIG. 4 shows a table of precoding information,

FIG. 5 shows a combined signal and method diagram between a UE and aNodeB,

FIG. 6 shows a schematic flow chart of a method in a secondcommunication device,

FIG. 7 shows a schematic overview of a second communication device,

FIG. 8 shows a schematic flow chart of a method in a first communicationdevice, and

FIG. 9 shows a schematic overview of a first communication device.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

Embodiments of the present invention will be described more fullyhereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in whichembodiments of the invention are shown. This invention may, however, beembodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limitedto the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments areprovided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and willfully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.Like numbers refer to like elements throughout.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particularembodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Asused herein, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” are intended toinclude the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicatesotherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises”“comprising,” when used herein, specify the presence of stated features,steps, operations, and/or components, but do not preclude the presenceor addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, and/orgroups thereof.

Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientificterms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by oneof ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will befurther understood that terms used herein should be interpreted ashaving a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context ofthis specification and the relevant art and will not be interpreted inan idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

The present invention is described below with reference to blockdiagrams and/or flowchart illustrations of methods, apparatus (systems)and/or computer program products according to embodiments of theinvention. It is understood that several blocks of the block diagramsand/or flowchart illustrations, and combinations of blocks in the blockdiagrams and/or flowchart illustrations, can be implemented by computerprogram instructions. These computer program instructions may beprovided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purposecomputer, and/or other programmable data processing apparatus to producea machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processorof the computer and/or other programmable data processing apparatus,create means for implementing the functions/acts specified in the blockdiagrams and/or flowchart block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be stored in acomputer-readable memory that can direct a computer or otherprogrammable data processing apparatus to function in a particularmanner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readablememory produce an article of manufacture including instructions whichimplement the function/act specified in the block diagrams and/orflowchart block or blocks.

The computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer orother programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series ofoperational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmableapparatus to produce a computer-implemented process such that theinstructions which execute on the computer or other programmableapparatus provide steps for implementing the functions/acts specified inthe block diagrams and/or flowchart block or blocks.

Accordingly, the present invention may be embodied in hardware and/or insoftware (including firmware, resident software, micro-code, etc.).Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computerprogram product on a computer-usable or computer-readable storage mediumhaving computer-usable or computer-readable program code embodied in themedium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system.In the context of this document, a computer-usable or computer-readablemedium may be any medium that can contain, store, communicate,propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with theinstruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

The computer-usable or computer-readable medium may be, for example butnot limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic,infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, device, or propagationmedium. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of thecomputer-readable medium would include the following: an electricalconnection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, arandom access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasableprogrammable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), an optical fiber,and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM). Note that thecomputer-usable or computer-readable medium could even be paper oranother suitable medium upon which the program is printed, as theprogram can be electronically captured, via, for instance, opticalscanning of the paper or other medium, then compiled, interpreted, orotherwise processed in a suitable manner, if necessary, and then storedin a computer memory.

As used herein a communication device may be a wireless communicationsdevice. In the context of the invention, the wireless communicationdevice may e.g. be a node in a network such as a base station, acontroller, a combination thereof or the like, a mobile phone, a PDA(Personal Digital Assistant) or any other type of portable computer suchas laptop computer.

The wireless network between the communication devices may be anynetwork such as an IEEE 802.11 type WLAN, a WiMAX, a HiperLAN, aBluetooth LAN, or a cellular mobile communications network such as aGPRS network, a third generation WCDMA network, or E-UTRAN. Given therapid development in communications, there will of course also be futuretype wireless communications networks with which the present inventionmay be embodied.

In FIG. 1 a schematic overview of a first communication device 10communicating with a second communication device over an air interface31 is shown. The first communication device is illustrated as a UE, sucha mobile phone, PDA or the like, and the second communication device isillustrated as a base station, such as a eNodeB, NodeB or the like. Itshould, however, be understood that the terminology such as base stationand UE should be considering non-limiting and does in particular notimply a certain hierarchical relation between the two; in general “basestation” could be considered as the first communication device 10 and“UE” the second communication device 20, and these two devicescommunicate with each other over some radio channel.

In the illustrated example, the user equipment 10, UE, based on channelmeasurements in the forward link, transmits recommendations to the basestation 20 of suitable precoders to use. It may be beneficial to matchthe frequency variations of the channel and feed back afrequency-selective precoding report, e.g. several precoders, one persubband.

Channel dependent precoding as above typically requires substantialsignaling support, particularly for frequency-selective precoding. Notonly is feedback signaling in the reverse link, as mentioned previously,needed, but typically also signaling in the forward link is required toindicate which precoder was actually used in the forward linktransmission since the forward link transmitter might not be certainthat it obtained a correct precoder report from the (forward link)receiver.

One way of reducing the signaling overhead in the forward link is tosignal some kind of precoder verification/confirmation, e.g., whetherthe transmitter used the same precoders as fed back by the receiver ornot. A single bit could be used for this purpose; a value of 1 couldmean that the transmitter follows the feed back information slavishlywhile a value of 0 could mean that instead another, possibly fixedprecoder is used. The value zero would for example be used if thefeedback information could not be correctly decoded at the transmitter.Obviously, all this assumes decoding errors in the feedback informationcan be detected, so the feedback information has to be codedaccordingly, e.g. including a CRC, Cyclic Redundancy Check. Analternative to a fixed precoder is to signal a single “wideband”precoder, as exemplified in Table 1. Several variants of precoder reportverification/confirmation schemes may be used. Compared with explicitlysignaling the frequency-selective precoding report in the forward link,verification/confirmation approaches may substantially reduce thesignaling overhead in the forward link. The table 1 below shows anexample of forward link signaling to support precoder reportverification. K denotes the signaled precoder-related message number inthe forward link.

TABLE 1 k Message 0, 1, . . . , K −1 Precoder index, i.e. pointing outwhich precoder to use from a codebook of K precoders. K Transmissionuses precoder recommendation from feedback information.

The encoded bits originating from the same block of information bits arereferred to as a codeword. This is also the terminology used in LTE todescribe the output from a single HARQ process serving a particulartransport block and comprises turbo encoding, rate matching,interleaving etc. The codeword is then modulated and distributed overthe antennas. It may make sense to transmit data from several codewordsat once, also known as multi-codeword transmission. The first(modulated) codeword may for instance be mapped to the first twoantennas and the second codeword to the two remaining antennas in a fourtransmit antenna system. In the above context of precoding, thecodewords are mapped to layers instead of directly to the antennas.

In the field of high rate multi-antenna transmission, one of the mostimportant characteristics of the channel conditions is the so-calledchannel rank. Roughly speaking, the channel rank may vary from one up tothe minimum number of transmit and receive antennas. Taking a 4×2 systemas an example, i.e. a system with four transmitting antennas and tworeceiving antennas, the maximum channel rank is two. The channel rankvaries in time as the fast fading alters the channel coefficients.Moreover, it determines how many layers, and ultimately also codewords,that may be successfully transmitted simultaneously. Hence, if thechannel rank is one at the instant of transmission of two codewordsmapping to two separate layers, there is a strong likelihood that thetwo signals corresponding to the codewords will interfere so much thatboth of the codewords are erroneously detected at the receiver.

In conjunction with precoding, adapting the transmission to the channelrank involves typically using as many layers as the channel rank. In thesimplest of cases, each layer would correspond to a particular antenna.But the number of codewords may differ from the number of layers, as inLTE. The issue then arises of how to map the codewords to the layers.Taking the current working assumption for the 4 transmit antenna case inLTE as an example, the maximum number of codewords is limited to twowhile up to four layers may be transmitted. A fixed rank dependentmapping according to FIG. 2 is used. In box B1, rank 1 is shown whereinone codeword CW is used and one layer L1 is transmitted. In box B2, rank2 is shown wherein two codewords CW1, CW2 are used and two layers L1, L2are transmitted. In box B3, rank 3 is shown wherein two CWs CW1, CW2 areused and the second CW is split into two layers L21, L22 via a serial toparallel converter S/P, thereby, transmitting on three layers L1, L21,L22. In box 4, rank 4 is shown wherein each CW CW1, CW2 is transmittedon parallel layers via a S/P, thereby, transmitting on four layers L11,L12, L21, L22.

The receiver typically feeds back not only precoder information but alsoa recommended transmission rank (possibly implicitly as part of theprecoder information) and quality assessments of the layers/codewords.The latter is often referred to as CQI. In practice, the feed backreports are far from ideal due to time-variations of the channel andfeedback delay, bit errors in the feedback link and mismatch between theassumptions on certain parameters the receiver use forcomputing/selecting feedback information and what the actual parametervalues at the transmitter are. The scheduling bandwidth is one importantexample of such a parameter. Traffic patterns and limited data bufferssize may constitute additional reasons for the base station to wish touse another transmission rank than what the UE has recommended. This isa problem in relation to the previously mentioned precoder confirmationfunctionality which does not support that the eNodeB uses anothertransmission rank than what the UE recommended.

The base station 20 may override the rank recommended by the UE in orderto achieve some margin against the rank variations over frequency. Thismay be possible when explicitly signaling the precoder and rank in thedownlink, i.e., forward link. However, for the precoder reportverification schemes, so far they only consider to signal to the UE thatthe base station has followed the UE recommendation, meaning that the UErecommended precoders have to be followed.

Such rank override support may e.g. include selecting which columns ofthe recommended precoder matrices to use and also the possibility tosignal which layer(s)/codeword(s) should be used and additional ormodified codeword to layer mappings. The latter may be useful even whenperforming rank override without precoder reportconfirmation/verification.

To support rank override when precoder report verification is used,additional messages may be signaled in the forward link to specify whichrank to use and possibly also which layers, i.e. columns of therecommended precoder(s) to use. The principle is explained by means ofexamples below.

Inspired by a possible use in LTE, the focus is on when precoder reportverification is combined with the possibility to signal multipleprecoders The case of up to two layers, for example, two Tx base stationor two Tx forward link transmitters, is given in Table 2. As seen,messages give the possibility to select which column of each precodershould be used for the transmission from the Tx base station. Ingeneral, a column subset of each precoder could be specified. Anotherexample of messages is given in Table 3 where up to 4 layers, forexample, a four Tx base station or a four Tx forward link transmitter,are considered and the fixed codeword to layer mapping present in LTE istaken into account.

Messages may be coded arbitrarily, for example, by simply stating themessage number or allocating separate bits for each or of some of themessages, or combinations thereof. Further, the same column numbers,that is, layers, are selected for all relevant precoders over frequencywhen performing rank override. This strongly limits the number ofmessages. Extensions may be possible where the same column numbers arenot used for all the precoders.

If the recommended rank is lower than the rank stated in the message,the precoder columns could conceivably be taken from the correspondinggenerating matrix (which always has four columns) instead of from therecommended matrices (which are column subsets of the generatingmatrices in LTE).

The following table 2 shows an example of a forward link signallingsupporting rank override. Also in this example, k denotes the signalledprecoder-related message number in the forward link.

TABLE 2

  k

Message

  0, 1, . . . , K −1

Precoder index, i.e. pointing out which precoder to use from a codebookof K precoders.

  K

Transmission uses precoder recommendation from feedback information

  K + 1

Rank 1 transmission on layer/codeword 1 based on precoder recommendationfrom feedback.

This means the rank one transmission uses the first column of eachrecommended precoder matrix as the precoder vector

  K + 1

Rank 1 transmission on layer/codeword 2 uses precoder recommendationfrom feedback.

This means the rank one transmission uses the second column of eachrecommended precoder matrix as the precoder vector

The following table 3 illustrates a 4 Tx example of forward linksignaling supporting rank override in conjunction with precoder reportverification and fixed codeword-to-layer mapping as describedpreviously.

TABLE 3

  k

Message

  0, 1, . . . , K −1

Precoder index, i.e. pointing out which precoder to use from a codebookof K precoders.

  K

Transmission uses precoder recommendation from feedback information

  K + 1

Rank 1 transmission on codeword 1 based on precoder recommendation fromfeedback.

Codeword 1 connects to layer 1 (c.f. FIG. 2) so this means the rank onetransmission uses the first column of each recommended precoder matrixas the precoder vector

  K + 2

Rank 2 transmission on codewords 1 and 2 uses precoder recommendationfrom feedback.

Codeword 1 and 2 connects to layer 1 and 2 (c.f. FIG. 2) so this meansthe rank two transmission uses the two first columns of each recommendedprecoder matrix as the precoder matrix

  K + 3

Rank 3 transmission on codewords 1 and 2 uses precoder recommendationfrom feedback.

Codeword 1 and 2 connects to layer 1 and 2 + 3 (c.f. FIG. 2) so thismeans the rank three transmission uses the three first columns of eachrecommended precoder matrix as the precoder matrix

  K + 4

Rank 4 transmission on codewords 1 and 2 uses precoder recommendationfrom feedback.

Codeword 1 and 2 connects to layer 1 + 2 and 3 + 4 (c.f. FIG. 2) so thismeans the rank four transmission uses all columns of each recommendedprecoder matrix as the precoder matrix

It would also be possible to add codeword-to-layer mappings to improverank override even further. Particularly important mappings to add arethose that make the codeword to layer mapping as “complete” as possible.A complete mapping is loosely taken to mean a mapping in which it isalways possible to override the rank downwards with as few changes ofwhich layers a certain codeword connects to. One way to strive for thatis to ensure that there are messages so that a codeword can always betransmitted by itself on the same layers as if the codeword istransmitted in conjunction with other codeword(s). Upon inspecting thecodeword to layer mapping in FIG. 2, it can be seen that the mappings inFIG. 3 are also useful when overriding the rank in order to strive forcompleteness.

Referring back to FIG. 2, wherein examples of codeword CW to layermappings are shown. In the illustrated examples Rank one is shown in theupper left box B1 and Rank two is shown in the upper right box B2. Rankthree is shown in the lower left box B3 and Rank four is shown in thelower right box B4.

In FIG. 3 examples of codeword CW to layer mappings are shown. In theillustrated different examples of rank two, as well as rank three, areshown using different layer configurations.

In box B11, rank two is shown using two layers L11, L12. In box B12,rank two is shown using two layers L12, L21. In box B13, rank two isshown using two layers L21, L22.

In box B14, rank three is shown using three layers L11, L12, L2. In boxB15, rank three is shown using three layers L1, L21, L22.

Some or all of the above mappings shall be available for rank overrideif the CQIs are reported per codeword (as opposed to per layer) as inLTE. Consider for example the codeword to layer mapping in FIG. 2 andassume a feedback report recommending rank four but the base stationwishes to override to rank two. Since the CQI is tied to the codewordand not the layers, the base station does not know the CQI for codeword1 and 2 in the rank two case. But if we make the upper left mapping inFIG. 3, B11, available for override, then rank override may beaccomplished without introducing additional link adaptation errors dueto having to split one CQI into two. In addition, a message could beadded to indicate that rank override should be performed to thisparticular mapping.

Additional mappings and corresponding messages for the purpose of rankoverride could also be added to better support rank override from rankfour to rank three. A simple solution would be to add the mapping wherecodeword 1 and 2 connect to layer L11+L12 and L21, respectively. Analternative is to specify which layers (i.e. columns) the codeword(s)should be mapped to in the message. These messages may for example say

-   -   Rank one transmission with codeword 1 on layer n based on        precoder recommendation from feedback, meaning that the rank one        transmission uses the n:th column of each recommended precoder        matrix as the precoder vector.    -   Rank three transmission with codeword 1 on layer L12 and        codeword 2 on layers L21+L22 based on precoder recommendation        from feedback (meaning that the rank three transmission uses the        three last columns of each recommended precoder matrix as the        precoder matrix).

In FIG. 4 a schematic table indicating precoding information is shown.In a first column 40, a first CW is enabled and in a second column 45 afirst and a second CW is enabled. In each column a bit field mapped toindex 42, 46 indicates a transmission rank and a confirmation of aprecoder/s used defined in column 44, 48, respectively.

In FIG. 5, an example of a combined signaling and method diagram betweena user equipment 10 and a base station NodeB 20 is shown.

In step S10, the NodeB 20 signals on a forward link data received by theUE 10. The data may be broadcasted, unicasted or the like.

In step S20, the UE10 processes the received signal by, for example,performing channel measurements on the forward link or the like. The UE10 then determines recommended precoders to use and a transmission rankto use, based on, for example, the channel measurement or the like.

In step S30, the UE 10 performs a feedback transmission from the UE 10to the NodeB comprising the recommended precoders to use and therecommended transmission rank to use in a message to the NodeB 20. Themessage may also include quality assessments, such as CQI and/or thelike.

In step S40, the NodeB 20 receives the message of recommendations in thefeedback transmission and processes the message, retrieving therecommended precoders and the recommended transmission rank to use. TheNodeB 20 then performs a determining step to determine an actual secondtransmission rank to use. This may be performed by analyzing load in thecell, frequency bands used, ACK/NACK statistics of previoustransmissions, path loss and/or the like.

In step S50, the NodeB 20 then performs transmission of controlinformation associated with data transmission comprising a confirmationmessage to the UE 10 comprising a confirmation that the recommendedprecoders or parts of the recommended precoder are used and an indicatorof the actual second transmission rank to be used. This transmission ofcontrol information is needed for the UE 10 to understand how to performdecoding of data transmission, that is, useful information to beconveyed to the UE 10.

In step S60, the UE 10 receives the confirmation message in thetransmission of control information and uses the confirmation message toset up the UE 10 into an operational mode using the confirmed precodersor the confirmed parts of the recommended precoders and the actualtransmission rank to receive and decode data from the eNodeB 20.

Additional signaling overhead required for introducing the method may beconsidered very low as only a very limited number of extra messages inthe forward link needs to be introduced.

In FIG. 6, a schematic flow chart in a second communication device forsignalling control information associated with transmission of data overa wireless channel is shown.

In step S2, first feedback data is received from a first communicationdevice comprising an indication of recommended precoders and a firsttransmission rank to possibly use during transmission. In someembodiments, the indication of recommended precoders corresponds to afrequency-selective precoding report.

In step S4, the second communication device determines a secondtransmission rank to use during transmission, wherein the secondcommunication device may, in some embodiments, be arranged to evaluateload in a communication network wherein the first communication deviceis camped and based on the evaluation the second communication device isarranged to determine second transmission rank to use.

In some embodiments, the step of determining second transmission rankmay comprise to take into account the band of frequency used fortransmission. The step of determining second transmission rank may also,in some embodiments, be based on scheduling of transmission in a cell ofthe second communication device.

In step S6, the second communication device performs a transmission ofcontrol information comprising a confirmation message to the firstcommunication device. The confirmation message comprises a confirmationthat transmission of data from the second communication device is usingat least parts of each recommended precoder associated with a frequencyresource that falls within the transmission of data and an indicator ofthe second transmission rank to use.

It should be understood that the confirmation message may comprise apointer indicating in a table of precoding information confirmation ofthe precoder used and the determined used second transmission rank. Thetable of precoding information may, in some embodiments, comprisemessages allowing a codeword to be individually transmitted on the samelayers as the layers used for transmitting the codeword in combinationwith other codewords as long as the transmission rank is not lower thanthe number of layers for the codeword.

In some embodiments, the parts of each recommended precoder correspondto a column subset of the associated recommended precoder or a columnsubset of a generating matrix corresponding to the associatedrecommended precoder. In some embodiments, each column subset has thesame number of columns and the number of columns corresponds to thesecond transmission rank. In some embodiments, the column subsets areselected from the same columns of the recommended precoders or from thesame columns of generating matrices corresponding to the recommendedprecoders.

For example, in a first case each column subset has the same number ofcolumns, columns 1 and 2 from all the recommended precoders. However, itshould be understood that this does not mean that every precoder to beused will be the same whereas a recommended precoder of a first sub bandis typically different than a recommended precoder of a second sub band.

In some embodiments, the indication of second transmission rank isexpressed as which layer/s to which codeword/s to use.

In some embodiments, the indication of recommended precoders correspondsto reporting precoder matrix indicators PMIs, the indication of a firsttransmission rank corresponds to reporting a rank indicator RI, and theindication of a second transmission rank corresponds to signalling atransmission rank indication TRI.

In order to perform the steps of the method a second communicationdevice is provided.

In FIG. 7, a schematic overview of a second communication device 20 isshown.

The second communication device 20 is illustrated as a base station,such as a eNodeB, NodeB or the like. It should, however, be understoodthat the terminology such as base station and UE should be consideringnon-limiting and does in particular not imply a certain hierarchicalrelation between the two; in general “base station” could be consideredas the first communication device 10 and “UE” the second communicationdevice 20, and these two devices communicate with each other over someradio channel

The second communication device 20 comprises a receiving arrangement RX203 adapted to receive data from a first communication device, whereinthe data comprises an indication of recommended precoders and arecommendation of a first transmission rank to possibly use duringtransmission of data. In some embodiments, the indication of recommendedprecoders corresponds to a frequency-selective precoding report.

The second communication device 20 further comprises a control unit CPU201 arranged to determine a second transmission rank to use fortransmitting data, and a transmitting arrangement TX 205 adapted totransmit a confirmation message to the first communication device. Theconfirmation message comprises a confirmation that the transmission ofdata is using at least parts of each recommended precoder associatedwith a frequency resource that falls within the transmission of data andan indicator of the second transmission rank to use.

The confirmation message may, in some embodiments, comprise a pointerindicating in a table of precoding information confirmation anddetermined used transmission rank. The table may be stored in a memoryunit 207 of the second communication device 20.

The table of precoding information may comprise messages allowing acodeword to be individually transmitted on the same layers as the layersused for transmitting the codeword in combination with other codewordsas long as the transmission rank is not lower than the number of layersfor the codeword.

In some embodiments, parts of each recommended precoder may correspondto a column subset of the associated recommended precoder or a columnsubset of a generating matrix corresponding to the associatedrecommended precoder. The column subset may stored on the memory unit207 of the second communication device, being an internal/externalmemory unit. Each column subset may in some embodiments have the samenumber of columns and the number of columns corresponds to the secondtransmission rank.

In addition, the column subsets may all be selected from the samecolumns of the recommended precoders or from the same columns ofgenerating matrices corresponding to the recommended precoders.

In some embodiments, the indication of second transmission rank may beexpressed as which layer/s to which codeword/s to use.

The control unit 201 may further be arranged to determine the secondtransmission rank based on load in a communication network wherein thefirst communication device is camped, the band of frequency used fortransmission, and/or scheduling of transmission within a cell of thesecond communication device. The control unit 201 may be arranged toevaluate load in the network.

In some embodiments, the indication of recommended precoders correspondsto reporting precoder matrix indicators (PMIs), the indication of afirst transmission rank corresponds to reporting a rank indicator (RI),and the indication of a second transmission rank corresponds tosignalling a transmission rank indication (TRI).

In the illustrated example the second communication device 20 mayfurther comprise an interface 209 to connect to a network or the like.

The control unit 201 may, in some embodiments, be a central processorunit, a microprocessor, a plurality of processors and/or the like. Thememory unit 207 may be a single unit, a plurality of memory units,internal and/or external memory.

In FIG. 8, a schematic flow chart of a method in a first communicationdevice for setting the first communication device to an operational modeaccording to signalled control information associated with transmissionof data over a wireless channel is shown.

In step R2, the first communication device determines precoders and afirst transmission rank to possibly use during transmission of data fromthe second communication device. The decision may be based on thechannel quality, for example, a channel measurement in a forward link tothe first communication device from a second communication device and/orthe like.

In step R4, the first communication device transmits feedback datacomprising an indication of recommending the determined precoders andthe first transmission rank to use to the second communication device.In some embodiments, the indication of recommended precoders correspondsto a frequency-selective precoding report.

In step R6, the first communication device receives control signallingcomprising a confirmation message from the second communication deviceon a radio channel, such as a broadcast channel, unicast channel, or thelike. The confirmation message comprising a confirmation thattransmission of data from the second communication device is using atleast parts of each recommended precoder associated with a frequencyresource that falls within the transmission of data and an indicator ofthe second transmission rank used.

The confirmation message may further comprise a pointer indicating in atable of precoding information confirmation of precoder and the secondtransmission rank. The table of precoding information may, in someembodiments, comprise messages allowing a codeword to be individuallytransmitted on the same layers as the layers used for transmitting thecodeword in combination with other codewords as long as the transmissionrank is not lower than the number of layers for the codeword. The firstcommunication device reads the pointer to determine precoders and secondtransmission rank.

In some embodiments, the parts of each recommended precoder correspondto a column subset of the recommended precoder or a column subset of agenerating matrix corresponding to the recommended precoder. In someembodiments, each column subset has the same number of columns and thenumber of columns corresponds to the second transmission rank. In someembodiments, the column subsets are selected from the same columns ofthe recommended precoders or from the same columns of generatingmatrices corresponding to the recommended precoders.

In some embodiments, the indication of second transmission rank isexpressed as which layer/s to which codeword/s to use.

In some embodiments, the indication of recommended precoders correspondsto reporting precoder matrix indicators PMIs, the indication of a firsttransmission rank corresponds to reporting a rank indicator RI, and theindication of a second transmission rank corresponds to signalling atransmission rank indication TRI.

In step R8, the first communication device sets up itself in anoperational mode. The operational mode uses the second transmission rankand the confirmed at least parts of each recommended precoder to receiveand decode the transmission of data from the second communicationdevice.

In order to perform the steps of the method a first communication deviceis provided.

In FIG. 9, a schematic overview of a first communication device 10 isshown.

The first communication device is illustrated as a UE, such a mobilephone, PDA or the like. It should, however, be understood that theterminology such as base station and UE should be consideringnon-limiting and does in particular not imply a certain hierarchicalrelation between the two; in general “base station” could be consideredas the first communication device 10 and “UE” a second communicationdevice 20, and these two devices communicate with each other over someradio channel.

The first communication device comprises a control unit 101, such as amicroprocessor or the like, arranged to determine recommended precodersand a first transmission rank to possibly use when a secondcommunication device is transmitting data. The determination may bebased on channel measurement/s of received data on a channel from asecond communication device.

The first communication device 10 further comprises a transmittingarrangement 105 arranged to transmit feedback data to the secondcommunication device. The feedback data comprises an indication ofrecommended precoders and the first transmission rank to possibly useduring transmission. The first communication device 10 further comprisesa receiving arrangement 103 arranged to receive, from a secondcommunication device, a confirmation message comprising a confirmationthat transmission of data from the second communication device is usingat least parts of each recommended precoder associated with a frequencyresource that falls within the transmission of data and an indicator ofthe second transmission rank that is used. The control unit 101 isfurther arranged to setup the first communication device in anoperational mode to use the confirmed at least parts of each recommendedprecoder and the second transmission rank to receive and decode datafrom the second communication device.

The control unit 101 may, in some embodiments, further be arranged toperform a channel measurement on a forward link and arranged todetermine a recommended precoder and a first transmission rank based onthe channel measurement.

In some embodiments, the first communication device 10 may furthercomprise a table of precoding information, and the confirmation messagecomprises a pointer indicating in the table confirmation of precoder andthe second transmission rank and wherein the control unit 101 isarranged to read the pointer to setup the first communication deviceinto the operational mode. The table may be stored on a memory unit 107,wherein the memory unit may comprise a single unit, a plurality ofunits; external and/or internal memories.

The table of precoding information may comprise messages allowing acodeword to be individually transmitted on the same layers as the layersused for transmitting the codeword in combination with other codewordsas long as the transmission rank is not lower than the number of layersfor the codeword.

In some embodiments, the parts of each recommended precoder correspondto a column subset of the recommended precoder or a column subset of agenerating matrix corresponding to the recommended precoder. In someembodiments, each column subset has the same number of columns and thenumber of columns corresponds to the second transmission rank. In someembodiments, the column subsets are selected from the same columns ofthe recommended precoders or from the same columns of generatingmatrices corresponding to the recommended precoders.

In some embodiments, the indication of second transmission rank isexpressed as which layer/s to which codeword/s to use.

In some embodiments, the indication of recommended precoders correspondsto reporting precoder matrix indicators PMIs, the indication of a firsttransmission rank corresponds to reporting a rank indicator RI, and theindication of a second transmission rank corresponds to signalling atransmission rank indication TRI.

Although terminology from the standardization of LTE in the 3rdGeneration Partnership Project (3GPP) has been used in the descriptionto exemplify the invention, this should not be seen as limiting thescope of the invention to only the aforementioned system. Other wirelesssystems, including WCDMA, WiMax, UMB and GSM, may also benefit fromexploiting the ideas covered within this disclosure.

In the drawings and specification, there have been disclosed exemplaryembodiments of the invention. However, many variations and modificationscan be made to these embodiments without substantially departing fromthe principles of the present invention. Accordingly, although specificterms are employed, they are used in a generic and descriptive senseonly and not for purposes of limitation, the scope of the inventionbeing defined by the following claims.

1. User equipment for communicating with a base station over a radiochannel, the user equipment comprising: a processor for determining (R2)a recommended precoder and a recommended transmission rank to possiblyuse when transmitting data from a base station; a transmitter fortransmitting (R4) feedback data to the base station, wherein thefeedback data comprise an indication of the recommended precoder and therecommended transmission rank; and a receiver for receiving (R6) fromthe base station a message, wherein the message includes a confirmationthat transmission of data from the base station is using the recommendedprecoder, and an indicator of the transmission rank to be used, whereinsaid indicator also indicates which column or columns of the recommendedprecoder to use to support the transmission rank to be used, wherein theindicated transmission rank and the indicated column or columns of therecommended precoders are used to receive transmissions from the basestation.
 2. The user equipment according to claim 1, wherein theprocessor for determining a recommended precoder is adapted to determinea single wideband recommended precoders, wherein the feedback data tothe base station comprise an indication of the single widebandrecommended precoder and the recommended transmission rank.
 3. The userequipment according to claim 1, wherein the processor for determining arecommended precoder is adapted to determine several precoders, one persubband, wherein the feedback data to the base station comprise anindication of one recommended precoder per subband and the recommendedtransmission rank.
 4. The user equipment according to claim 1, whereinthe feedback data to the base station comprise a single recommendedtransmission rank.
 5. The user equipment according to claim 1, whereinthe transmitter is adapted to furthermore feed back quality assessmentsof the layers or codewords.
 6. The user equipment according to claim 1,wherein the message is coded with a message number.
 7. The userequipment according claim 1, wherein the same column or columns are usedfor all precoders over frequency.
 8. The user equipment according toclaim 1, wherein the message furthermore comprises codeword-to-layermapping, and the user equipment is adapted to apply thecodeword-to-layer mapping indicated in the message.
 9. Base station forcommunicating with a user equipment over a radio channel, the basestation comprising: a receiver for receiving (R4) feedback data from theuser equipment, wherein the feedback data comprise an indication of arecommended precoder and a recommended transmission rank; and atransmitter for transmitting to the user equipment a message, whereinthe message includes a confirmation that transmission of data from thebase station is using the recommended precoder, and an indicator of thetransmission rank to be used, wherein said indicator also indicateswhich column or columns of the recommended precoder to use to supportthe transmission rank to be used, and the indicated transmission rankand the indicated column or columns of the recommended precoders areused for transmissions to the user equipment.
 10. The base stationaccording to claim 9, wherein the feedback furthermore comprises qualityassessments of the layers or codewords.
 11. The base station accordingto claim 9, wherein the base station is adapted to code the message thatcomprises a confirmation that transmission of data from the base stationis using the recommended precoder and an indicator of the transmissionrank to be used, by using a message number.
 12. The base stationaccording to claim 9, wherein the same column or columns are used forall precoders over frequency.
 13. The base station according to claim 9,wherein the message furthermore comprises codeword-to-layer mapping, andthe base station is adapted to apply the codeword-to-layer mappingindicated in the message.